![]() ![]() Systematic responses directly related to physical exercise depend on the load intensity, duration, and frequency at which it is performed 18. Long-term chronic physical training responses promote adaptations such as a decrease in resting HR, concomitant lowering of blood pressure (BP) 14, 15, improved heart efficiency 16, and increased maximum oxygen volume (VO 2máx) 17. Acute exercise training responses generally promote increased heart rate (HR), increased blood vessel lumen (vasodilation) from increased (NO) synthesis, increased blood flow 11, increased uptake of energy substrates 12, and increased body temperature 13. High rates of physical inactivity are associated with people with chronic diseases, demonstrating that physical activity programs and nutritional monitoring are required for these individuals, as part of disease prevention 10. Physical exercise improves and maintains health and reduces the risk of chronic diseases in healthy adults, as physical inactivity is considered one of the largest risk factors for chronic diseases. However, little has been discussed about the dose–response effects of strength training in the prevention and treatment of arterial hypertension. Current guidelines recommend the practice of physical exercise as part of primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases 7– 9. The non-pharmacological effect of physical exercise has the potential to facilitate hemodynamic changes, increased production of nitric oxide (NO), and changes in peripheral arterial resistance 6. ![]() Systemic arterial hypertension is a multifactorial disease and can be triggered by factors such as physical inactivity, the intake of sodium-rich foods, obesity, alcohol, and tobacco consumption 4, 5. Hypertension is one of the leading causes of death from cardiovascular diseases and affects approximately 1 billion people worldwide 2, 3. Systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) is defined as increased and/or sustained systolic blood pressure levels above 140 mmHg and/or diastolic pressure above 90 mmHg 1. We concluded that strength training interventions can be used as a non-drug treatment for arterial hypertension, as they promote significant decreases in blood pressure. The strongest effect of strength training on decreasing blood pressure was observed in protocols with a moderate to vigorous load intensity (> 60% of one-repetition maximum-1RM), a frequency of at least 2 times per week, and a minimum duration of 8 weeks. The meta-analysis showed that mean values of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) decreased significantly after strength training interventions. A total of 14 studies were identified, including a combined total of 253 participants with hypertension. Protocol registration: PROSPERO registration number CRD42020151269. Data are described and reported as the weighted mean difference of systolic and diastolic pressure and a 95% confidence interval. This review included controlled trials that evaluated the effect of strength training for 8 weeks or more in adults with arterial hypertension, published up to December 2020. A systematic search was conducted in the PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and World Health Organization databases. ![]() The current study used the Cochrane methodology to systematically review randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the effect of strength training on blood pressure in hypertensive patients. Strength training interventions could be an important alternative tool for blood pressure control, however, consistent evidence and the most effective training protocol for this purpose are yet to be established. Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in the world and arterial hypertension (AH) accounts for 13.8% of deaths caused by cardiovascular diseases.
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